Embryo Sign on Abdominal CT as the Footprint of Cecal Volvulus: Improved Practice Through Lessons Learned from a Case Report

Cecal volvulus is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain, resulting from torsion of the cecum and ascending colon due to abnormal mobility caused by inadequate peritoneal fixation. Clinical presentation is often vague and nonspecific, which can delay diagnosis and treatment. Computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice, as it not only confirms the presence and location of the volvulus but also identifies serious complications such as ischemia or perforation. Abdominal radiographs may be inconclusive, especially when the twisted bowel loop is fluid-filled, aligned antero-posteriorly, or obscured by adjacent gas-filled loops. We present the case of a 65-year-old woman who arrived at the emergency department with sudden-onset abdominal pain. Abdominal CT revealed classic signs of cecal volvulus, including the rarely reported 'embryo sign,' which proved crucial for swift diagnosis and intervention. Recognizing both common and less common CT features, such as the embryo sign, is paramount for rapid diagnosis and appropriate management in emergency situations. Familiarity with the full radiologic spectrum of this condition can significantly improve patient outcomes.