Multiplicity adjustment approaches in publicly funded multi-arm trials: a comprehensive review of the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Journals Library

The majority of the publicly funded multi-arm trials did not adjust for multiplicity in the sample size, statistical analysis, or estimation of confidence intervals. Researchers should follow the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines for multi-arm trials and clearly state in protocols and trial reports whether a multiplicity adjustment was made or provide a reason if no adjustment was made.