Catalyst‐Free Visible‐Light‐Driven CH Alkylation, Arylation, and Acylation of Quinoxalin‐2(1 <i>H</i> )‐ones

Quinoxalin‐2(1 H )‐ones and their derivatives constitute a privileged class of bioactive scaffolds with broad pharmacological potential, including anticancer, antibacterial, and neuroregulatory activities. Developing efficient and sustainable strategies for their molecular diversification under mild conditions remains a long‐standing challenge in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Here, we report a catalyst‐free, light‐driven CH functionalization strategy that exploits visible light and ambient air as the sole oxidant to achieve direct alkylation, arylation, and acylation of quinoxalin‐2(1 H )‐ones. This operationally simple protocol features excellent substrate scope and functional group tolerance, delivering a wide range of structurally diverse quinoxalin‐2(1 H )‐ones derivatives in a rapid and sustainable manner. Mechanistic investigations, supported by control experiments and spectroscopic studies, reveal that the transformation proceeds via the excitation of electron donor–acceptor complexes, which endows this system with the unique capability of enabling efficient CH functionalization without the need for any external catalyst.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis
Published
2025-12-08
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adsc.70228
Primary Topic
Radical Photochemical Reactions
Type
article
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article

Catalyst‐Free Visible‐Light‐Driven CH Alkylation, Arylation, and Acylation of Quinoxalin‐2(1 H )‐ones

Ling‐Bao Xing, Qi Shuai, Qingmin Wang, Yitong Liu et al.
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis
Radical Photochemical Reactions
article

Catalyst‐Free Visible‐Light‐Driven CH Alkylation, Arylation, and Acylation of Quinoxalin‐2(1 H )‐ones

Ling‐Bao Xing, Qi Shuai, Qingmin Wang, Yitong Liu, Jing Cui
article en

Abstract

Quinoxalin‐2(1 H )‐ones and their derivatives constitute a privileged class of bioactive scaffolds with broad pharmacological potential, including anticancer, antibacterial, and neuroregulatory activities. Developing efficient and sustainable strategies for their molecular diversification under mild conditions remains a long‐standing challenge in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Here, we report a catalyst‐free, light‐driven CH functionalization strategy that exploits visible light and ambient air as the sole oxidant to achieve direct alkylation, arylation, and acylation of quinoxalin‐2(1 H )‐ones. This operationally simple protocol features excellent substrate scope and functional group tolerance, delivering a wide range of structurally diverse quinoxalin‐2(1 H )‐ones derivatives in a rapid and sustainable manner. Mechanistic investigations, supported by control experiments and spectroscopic studies, reveal that the transformation proceeds via the excitation of electron donor–acceptor complexes, which endows this system with the unique capability of enabling efficient CH functionalization without the need for any external catalyst.

Advanced Synthesis & CatalysisVol. 368(3)
Shandong University of Technology (CN), Nankai University (CN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 71%
Radical Photochemical Reactions
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Catalyst‐Free Visible‐Light‐Driven CH Alkylation, Arylation, and Acylation of Quinoxalin‐2(1 <i>H</i> )‐ones — Ling‐Bao Xing, Qi Shuai, et al. · Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS