Computational Fluid Dynamics of Multiphase Behavior by Centre CaO–O<sub>2</sub> Mixed Injection Method in 100 t Converter

Utilizing the greater momentum inertia and higher specific surface area of powder lime, top-blown CaO-O2 technology has been proposed to further improve the mixing ability of the molten bath and to increase the slagging rate in the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. This research presented the development of a simulation model designed for investigating the effect of centre CaO-O2 mixed injection method on the flow field within the molten bath. The result showed that, compared to the traditional jet, the CaO-O₂ jet improved axial impaction ability of top-blown jet, while reducing its impaction ability in the radial direction. Furthermore, the CaO-O₂ jet not only improved the impaction depth, but also exhibited a smaller decrease rate in impaction depth as the lance height increased. In the conical protrusion area, a greater amount of kinetic energy from the CaO-O₂ jet was transferred into the molten bath, which enhanced the dynamic condition within the molten bath.