Blockchain-Driven Decentralized Green Energy Trading using Python and Ganache

Efficient energy sharing among solar-based microgrids was crucial for enhancing grid reliability, scalability, and sustainability in ‎modern energy systems. This research presents a novel blockchain-powered decentralized energy trading framework that integrates ‎Raspberry Pi 4, IoT-driven real-time monitoring, and Ethereum-based smart contracts to facilitate seamless and secure peer-to-peer ‎‎(P2P) energy exchange. The proposed system enables real-time data acquisition and transmission of critical energy parameters, ‎including current, voltage, and power generation, from five interconnected solar microgrids. Raspberry Pi 4 serves as the centralized ‎edge computing node, aggregating and transmitting real-time energy data to the ThingSpeak IoT platform, where advanced AI-driven ‎analytics optimize grid efficiency. Blockchain technology, specifically Ethereum with Ganache, was employed to create a tamper-proof, ‎transparent, and trustless energy marketplace, eliminating reliance on centralized energy intermediaries. The incorporation of Solidity-based smart contracts automates transactions, ensuring secure, immutable, and fair energy trading while enabling dynamic pricing ‎models based on real-time demand-supply conditions. Python, integrated with Web3.py, facilitates seamless interaction between ‎Raspberry Pi 4 and the blockchain network, ensuring low-latency transaction execution and verifiable trade settlements. Through the ‎integration of IoT-enabled smart grids, blockchain-based energy transactions, and AI-driven predictive analytics, the proposed system ‎offers a scalable, autonomous, and energy-efficient solution for decentralized energy management. Experimental validation confirms the ‎system's effectiveness, demonstrating its ability to achieve real-time energy balancing, seamless P2P trading, and enhanced security ‎through blockchain immutability. This cutting-edge approach significantly advances the adoption of renewable energy sources, ‎optimizes microgrid autonomy, and reinforces the resilience of next-generation smart power networks, paving the way for a sustainable ‎and decentralized energy economy‎.