Anguillid herpesvirus: Current knowledge and future perspectives

Eels ( Anguilla spp. ) possess considerable economic value worldwide due to their favorable taste and nutritional benefits. However, the eel aquaculture industry is confronted with substantial challenges from viral diseases. Among these, Anguillid herpesvirus (AngHV) is identified as one of the most harmful and influential viruses, leading to high mortality rates in eel populations, thereby resulting in considerable losses for cultivated eel populations and contributing to the decline of wild eel stocks. The virus was first isolated in the 1980s, and despite extensive research efforts; however, to date, no commercial vaccines or antiviral agents have been developed. This review aims to summarize the advancements in AngHV research, encompassing advances in understanding its etiology, pathogenicity, diagnostic methodologies, preventive measures, control strategies, and prospective research directions. The objective is to deepen understanding of the virus and facilitate the development of effective strategies for the prevention and control management of AngHV infections in eel aquaculture. • AngHV exhibits a high incidence rate, leading to significant losses in cultivated eel populations. • Advancements in research pertaining to AngHV is comprehensively reviewed. • Enhancing the understanding of AngHV is essential to support the development of effective prevention and control strategies.