Radial Head Fractures in Adults: A Narrative Review

Radial head fractures are common injuries, particularly in adults, following falls onto an outstretched hand. These fractures are common in emergency departments and orthopedic clinics. The radial head is important for elbow stability, forearm rotation, and force transmission across the upper extremity. Understanding the anatomy, mechanisms of injury, classification systems, and treatment approaches is essential for healthcare providers managing these injuries. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence from peer-reviewed literature, clinical guidelines, and systematic reviews on radial head fractures, focusing on contemporary management strategies. We examine the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management strategies for these injuries. We explore both conservative and surgical treatment options, discussing the indications for each approach and their associated outcomes. Additionally, this article addresses the complications that may arise following radial head fractures and provides insights into the rehabilitation protocols. The management of radial head fractures continues to evolve with advances in surgical techniques and implant technology, making it important for clinicians to remain informed about current best practices. This comprehensive review aims to provide a practical understanding of radial head fractures to assist healthcare providers in delivering optimal care.