Inclusion by design a-neuro-cognitive trait interaction approach-to neurodivergent research

This article introduces an original methodological contribution to inclusive research design: the Neuro-Cognitive Trait Interaction Model (NCTIM). Developed to address the exclusion and misunderstanding of neurodivergent people in traditional research, NCTIM provides a flexible, values-based framework that centres lived experience. Building on earlier work on neuro-cognitive trait interaction and inclusive research methods, NCTIM encourages researchers to respond to how neurodivergent people process information, interact, and communicate, rather than relying on diagnostic labels. Grounded in the neurodiversity paradigm and informed by epistemic justice, NCTIM focuses on how cognitive processing traits such as communication preferences, executive functioning, sensory processing, and attention styles shape research participation. It follows a three-stage process: mapping study demands, identifying potential trait interactions, and embedding inclusive features. The model’s application is demonstrated through my doctoral research with autistic women in the workplace. NCTIM offers a timely, neurodivergent-led contribution to reimagining research design, supporting greater inclusion, authenticity, and respect for neurodivergent expression and engagement in research.