Biomarkers of neuroaxonal and astrocytic pathology in autoimmune encephalitis
Overall, acute AE is characterized by elevated markers of neuronal and astrocytic pathology. Low levels of sNfL in chronic AE, regardless of current function, suggest that ongoing neuroaxonal injury is unlikely. However, elevated sGFAP in AE patients with ongoing sequalae, most notably cognitive dysfunction, suggest there may be ongoing changes that contribute to the chronic AE disease course.
Authors
- Richard Macdonell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6604-3968)
- Charles Benjamin Malpas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0534-3718)
- Andrew Duncan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7817-7637)
- Terence John O'Brien (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7198-8621)
- Udaya Seneviratne (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-9702)
- Robb Wesselingh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-3287)
- Yi Chao Foong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-078X)
- Tomáš Kalinčík (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-1376)
- Ernest Butler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0551-5671)
- Liora ter Horst
- Katherine Ko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3260-6061)
- Mastura Monif (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6404-9768)
- Amy G. Brodtmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-2862)
- Christina Kazzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6737-5489)
- David Gillis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1659-5243)
- Anneke van der Walt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4278-7003)
- Nabil Seery (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-868X)
- Genevieve Skinner
- Cassie Nesbitt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5895-3459)
- Tracie Tan
- Stefan Blum (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-3742)
- Sarah Griffith (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-8703)
- Todd A. Hardy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4145-3172)
- Mirasol Forcadela (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3268-4457)
- Stuart J. McDonald (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5190-3179)
- Wendyl D’Souza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-5131)
- Amy J. Halliday (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6032-4347)
- Hannah Ford
- Paul G. Sanfilippo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1778-9154)
- Sudarshini Ramanathan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-9768)
- William T. O’Brien (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9966-0134)
- Stephen Reddel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0169-3350)
- Jennifer Macintyre
- Tiffany Rushen
- Katherine Buzzard
- Helmut Butzkueven
Institutions
- Concord Hospital (US)
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital (AU)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Geelong Hospital (AU)
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital (AU)
- Princess Alexandra Hospital (AU)
- Royal Hobart Hospital (AU)
- St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne (AU)
- Eastern Health (AU)
- Peninsula Health (AU)
- Monash Health (AU)
- Austin Health (AU)
- Monash University (AU)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Brain Behavior and Immunity
- Published
- 2025-12-06
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2025.106206
- Primary Topic
- Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00