Changes in health-related quality of life and its influencing factors of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention in China: A single-center longitudinal study

This study aimed to evaluate changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients within 4 weeks after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using generic and disease-specific instruments and to explore its influencing factors. In this prospective, longitudinal study, 79 patients with coronary heart disease were recruited from the Cardiology Department of the General Hospital of the Tianjin Medical University, China. The EQ-5D-5L and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) were used to evaluate patients' HRQoL at baseline, and 1 and 4 weeks after PCI. Tobit regression model and multiple linear regression were used to analyze factors associated with patients' HRQoL changes. A final validated sample of 75 patients was analyzed. The EQ-5D-5L health state utility score improved from 0.85 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.15) at baseline to 0.95 (SD: 0.11) and 0.98 (SD: 0.10) at 1 and 4 weeks after PCI, respectively. Pain/discomfort and angina stability were the most improved dimensions on the EQ-5D-5L and SAQ, respectively. Patients who were retired, had high subjective well-being, and had high baseline HRQoL scores showed greater improvement in EQ-5D-5L scores after PCI, while the baseline HRQoL scores were positively associated with SAQ score improvement. A greater benefit from PCI was observed among coronary heart disease patients within 4 weeks after this procedure. More attention in clinical care should be provided to retired patients, those with low subjective well-being, and those with a low baseline HRQoL.