Race- and Sex-Associated Electrocardiographic Repolarization Characteristics in Young American Athletes in the Digital Age
Anterior TWIs are common in young American athletes, with sex differences but minimal racial variation. The similar prevalence of the convex anterior TWI pattern suggests this pattern may be a normal finding in all races. Our findings offer digital reference values that may refine future ECG screening guidelines.
Authors
- David Hadley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1634-1187)
- Victor F. Froelicher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8831-4853)
- Filipe Ferrari (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6929-8392)
- Jason Tso (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0499-5362)
- Samuel Montalvo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3104-3428)
- Stephen S. Jones (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-8088)
- Bradley J. Petek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-2262)
- Jeffrey W. Christle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-6284)
- Brendan Collins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-8189)
Institutions
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Cardiovascular Institute of the South (US)
- Insight (China) (CN)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Stanford University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- JACC Advances
- Published
- 2025-12-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.102409
- Primary Topic
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00