CT-Mapped Fusion Patterns After 360° Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) for Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: High Facet and Interbody Fusion Rates With Limited Clinical Correlates

TLIF achieved high CT-confirmed fusion-especially interbody and facet-yet the anatomical distribution/number of fused zones did not influence 12-month disability (ODI/RMDQ). Results likely reflect surgical technique and patient optimization rather than fusion location. Interpretation should be cautious given the retrospective single-center design, 12-month follow-up, lack of bone-quality data, and exploratory multiple comparisons.