Evaluation of the Impact of AES Encryption on Query Read Performance Across Oracle, MySQL, and SQL Server Databases

Data security is essential for protecting sensitive information that could compromise both the sender and the receiver. Encryption mechanisms, such as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), play a key role in this protection. However, encrypting or decrypting data can significantly impact the performance of the database. This study aims to evaluate the impact of AES on the performance of SQL Server, Oracle, and MySQL when using Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) with the Transaction Processing Performance Council-H (TPC-H) benchmark at different Scale Factors. Performance was assessed using metrics such as elapsed time and system resource usage. In terms of scalability and performance efficiency, SQL Server proved to be the best among the databases tested. However, TDE introduced performance overhead compared to non-encryption test cases.