Molecularly Imprinted Membranes: Dual@MIPs@mbr for On-Site Detection of CA 19-9
Dual-emission molecularly imprinted membranes (dual@MIPs@mbr) were developed as a proof-of-concept platform for the selective and instrument-free detection of the cancer biomarker carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9). The system integrates a ratiometric fluorescence response by embedding yellow-emitting quantum dots (y-QDs), serving as target-responsive probes, and blue-emitting carbon dots (b-CDs), acting as an internal reference, within a CA 19-9-imprinted polymeric matrix. Specific rebinding of CA 19-9 to the imprinted cavities induced selective quenching of the y-QDs while preserving the b-CDs emission, yielding a visible color shift from yellow/green to blue. This behavior enabled the quantification of CA 19-9 over a linear range of 4-400 U mL<sup>-1</sup>, with a limit of detection of 0.056 U mL<sup>-1</sup> in diluted serum. The membranes showed good selectivity against common serum interferents and maintained short-term photochemical stability. Although the method has not yet been validated using real clinical samples, the pronounced ratiometric response and simple visual readout demonstrate its potential as a low-cost, portable sensing approach for future point-of-care cancer biomarker analysis.
Authors
- Paula Sampaio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1148-2159)
- João L.M. Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3947-6025)
- Ana M. Piloto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-2467)
- Rafael C. Castro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8722-3172)
- David S.M. Ribeiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-0143)
- Eduarda Rodrigues (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-4527)
- Ao Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3139-4435)
Institutions
- Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Rede de Química e Tecnologia (PT)
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Polytechnic Institute of Porto (PT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Sensors
- Published
- 2025-12-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/s25237363
- Primary Topic
- Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- European Commission
- Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior
- Ministério da Educação
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
- European Regional Development Fund
- European Social Fund