Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG) Smart Contact Lens (SCL) for the Wireless Monitoring of Intra-Ocular Health

This paper presents a novel smart contact lens (sCL) for wireless ocular monitoring, fabricated using LaserInduced Graphene (LIG) directly patterned on a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) substrate. The antenna, designed as a planar loop structure, is integrated with an EM4152 RFID microchip and a tuning inductor, forming a fully passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) system. The device was tested on a porcine eye phantom, which mimics the anatomy and dielectric properties of the human eye. Electromagnetic simulations guided the antenna design to balance miniaturization constraints with radiation performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the 6 mm diameter loop performs stable communication at a distance of nearly 2 cm, achieving a measured realized gain of −37 dB at 915 MHz. These findings validate the feasibility of LIG-based RFID sCLs for non-invasive, real-time eye health monitoring using a compact handheld reader.