Fault-tolerant operation and materials science with neutral atom logical qubits
Abstract We report on the fault-tolerant operation of logical qubits on a neutral atom quantum computer, with logical performance surpassing physical performance for multiple circuits including Bell state preparation (12x error reduction), random circuits (15x), and a prototype Anderson Impurity Model ground state solver for materials science applications (up to 6x, non-fault-tolerantly). The logical qubits are implemented via the [[4, 2, 2]] code (C 4 ). Our work constitutes the first complete realization of the benchmarking protocol proposed by Gottesman 2016 demonstrating results consistent with fault tolerance. In light of recent advances on applying concatenated C 4 /C 6 detection codes to achieve error correction with high code rates and thresholds, our work can be regarded as a building block towards a practical scheme for fault tolerant quantum computation. Our demonstration of a materials science application with logical qubits particularly demonstrates the immediate value of these techniques on current experiments.
Authors
- Nathan A. Neff-Mallon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-3590)
- M. Saffman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-2097)
- Rich Rines
- Pranav Gokhale (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1946-4537)
- Bettina Heim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5406-5155)
- Stephanie J. Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2600-6390)
- Eric B. Jones (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9721-742X)
- David L. Mason (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8208-4310)
- Thomas Noël (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7732-042X)
- Woo Chang Chung
- Martin Lichtman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5231-3223)
- Victory Omole (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6629-4078)
- Ryan Jones (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5093-3699)
- Pradnya Khalate
- Kevin W. Kuper (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2817-792X)
- Michelle L. Blakely (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9946-5187)
- Caitlin Carnahan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9061-4748)
- A. G. Radnaev
- Daniel C. Cole (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6360-1319)
- Teague Tomesh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2610-8661)
- Garrett Hickman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-1117)
- Palash Goiporia
- Jinsung Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2164-357X)
- Peter. D. Buttler
- Matt J. Bedalov
- Frederic T. Chong
- A. Tucker
- Bharath Thotakura
- Efrat Shabtai
- Mariesa H. Teo
Institutions
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Nvidia (United States) (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- npj Quantum Information
- Published
- 2025-12-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01095-w
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.48
Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Office of Science
- Advanced Scientific Computing Research