Effects of miR-128-3p on Renal Inflammation in a Rat Periodontitis Model

<b>Objectives:</b> The study aim was to investigate the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived miR-128-3p on renal inflammation using a rat periodontitis model. <b>Methods:</b> Ten-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a control (<i>n</i> = 8) and a lipopolysaccharides (LPS) group (<i>n</i> = 8). The LPS group received LPS (<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>) injection in the gingiva for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, plasma, gingival tissue, and kidney samples were collected. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to evaluate the glomerular tissue injury score. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to identify potential target genes of miR-128-3p. The reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate miR-128-3p, inflammatory, pro-inflammatory cytokine, chemokine and predicting gene's expression. The control and LPS groups were compared using Welch's <i>t</i>-test. <i>p</i>-values < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. <b>Results:</b> The kidney glomerular tissue injury score was significantly higher in the LPS than in the control group. miR-128-3p expression in the LPS group was significantly higher in the gingival tissue and plasma. mRNAs <i>(interleukin [IL]-1β, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 [CX3CL1],</i> and <i>C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 7 [CXCL7]</i>) expression was higher in the kidney of the LPS group. The potential target genes of <i>activin A receptor type I (Acvr1)</i>, <i>ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (Rps6kb1)</i>, and <i>transforming growth factor beta receptor type 1 (Tgfbr1)</i> were significantly lower in the kidneys of the LPS group. <b>Conclusions:</b> EVs-derived miR-128-3p in LPS induced periodontitis may cause kidney inflammation which may be mediated by, <i>Rps6kb1, Tgfbr1</i>, and <i>Acvr1</i>.