Anticoagulants in hematologic malignancies: what is the data?

Hematologic malignancies are associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) with aggressive lymphomas and multiple myeloma exhibiting the highest VTE incidence. The performance of VTE risk scores in hematologic malignancies remains suboptimal. Concomitant thrombocytopenia and coagulopathies complicate thrombosis prevention and management. This review synthesizes current evidence on anticoagulation in hematologic malignancies (excluding myeloproliferative neoplasms), outlines key clinical challenges, and proposes practical strategies to guide decision-making.