Tetraselmis chuii as Source of Bioactive Compounds Against Helicobacter pylori: An Integrated Proteomic and Bioactivity Approach

Microalgae represent sustainable sources of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. This study conducted a comprehensive proteomic analysis of <i>Tetraselmis chuii</i> (<i>T. chuii</i>) biomass to identify proteins capable of generating bioactive peptides (BAPs) through simulated orogastric digestion. In silico digestion and bioinformatic predictions indicated the release of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial peptides. Molecular docking demonstrated strong interactions with targets implicated in oxidative stress, inflammation, and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) virulence. Biochemical assays and cell-based models confirmed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in both the biomass and its digest, although no significant antibacterial effect against <i>H. pylori</i> was observed under the tested conditions. Considering the role of chronic inflammation in <i>H. pylori</i>-associated pathologies, these findings suggest that <i>T. chuii</i> may serve as a candidate for mitigating tissue damage driven by oxidative and inflammatory stress. Further research is required to address compound stability and optimize delivery strategies.