The Neuroimmunome of Hepatitis Patients Associates With Disease Severity
Hepatitis is a systemic disease marked by neuroimmune dysregulation beyond hepatic inflammation. Using a systems biology approach, we conducted transcriptomic meta-analyses across in vitro models, liver tissues, and PBMCs from hepatitis virus-infected patients to identify neuroimmune signatures. We found a robust neuroimmunome signature, with neuroimmune-related genes showing consistent differential expression across datasets. Functional enrichment revealed disruptions in neurotransmission (including synaptic, glutamatergic, noradrenergic and neuregulin pathways) and immune signaling (such as cytokines, interleukin-1 response, T cell receptor, and trans-synaptic signaling). Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) demonstrated that neuroimmune genes can predict disease severity. Several of these genes were also altered in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA), implicating them in oncogenic transformation. Ligand-receptor analysis revealed dysregulated neuroimmune interactions in liver tissue, notably involving DBH-ADRA1A/B/D, ADRA2A/B/C, ADRB1/2/3, IL33-IL1RL1, and NRG1-ERBB4. Critically, we observed an inverse correlation between neuroimmune gene expression and inflammation markers in advanced HCC, suggesting that neuroimmune suppression may facilitate immune evasion. These findings highlight the neuroimmunome as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in hepatitis and its complications, reinforcing the role of neuroimmune crosstalk in liver disease progression.
Authors
- Fernando Yuri Nery do Vale (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1763-343X)
- Renato Santana Aguiar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5180-3717)
- Otávio Cabral-Marques (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3183-6236)
- Rodrigo Juliani Siqueira Dalmolin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1688-6155)
- Denise de Freitas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3389-6021)
- Helder I. Nakaya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-9108)
- Roseane Galdioli Nava (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7415-2136)
- Igor Salerno Filgueiras (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3493-4464)
- Luiz F. Onuchic (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4053-5419)
- Pedro Marçal Barcelos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1039-5984)
- Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-1248)
- Júlia Nakanishi Usuda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1516-162X)
- Gustavo Cabral‐Miranda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-4880)
- Lena F. Schimke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-3410)
- Anny Silva Adri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0275-6126)
- Yohan Lucas Gonçalves Corrêa
- Taj Ali Khan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-0422)
- Haroldo Dutra Dias
- Adriel Leal Nóbile
Institutions
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Khyber Medical University (PK)
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (BR)
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (BR)
- Dow Chemical (Brasil) (BR)
- Institute of Bioinformatics (IN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Medical Virology
- Published
- 2025-12-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70742
- Primary Topic
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Israel Science Foundation