Impact of insecticide resistance on controlling mosquito vectors and its potential contribution to behavioural modifications

Mosquito-borne diseases remain a significant global health burden, prompting continuous efforts to develop effective mosquito control strategies. Use of chemical insecticides has remained a cornerstone in suppressing mosquito vector populations in the past few decades. However, prolonged reliance, uncontrolled use of chemical insecticides and associated selection pressure on vector populations have resulted in the emergence and spread of insecticide resistance (IR), jeopardizing control efforts. This review explores the potential impact of IR on mosquito behaviour along with effects on vectorial capacity, and endosymbiotic microflora and tries to assess its subsequent implications in vector control interventions. It is discussed how IR may indirectly influence vector competence and disease transmission by altering behaviours such as feeding patterns, resting preferences, and host-seeking activity. Understanding these intricate relationships is crucial for developing robust and sustainable vector management strategies that can effectively combat the challenge of VBDs in the face of evolving resistance patterns.