Evaluating diagnostic and treatment proficiency for molar-incisal hypomineralisation in UK paediatric postgraduate dental education: a prospective cross-sectional study

Background Molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a prevalent enamel defect affecting first permanent molars and incisors. Despite increasing awareness, variability persists in diagnostic consistency and treatment approaches. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, diagnostic confidence, and management strategies for MIH among postgraduate paediatric dentistry students in the United Kingdom (UK).Methods A cross-sectional survey was distributed online in November 2023 to all UK dental schools offering postgraduate paediatric dentistry programmes. Participants completed an anonymous questionnaire examining MIH aetiology, prevalence, clinical diagnostic criteria, and case management plans.Results In total, 17 of the 27 respondents (63%) completed the survey. While 71% reported encountering MIH multiple times per week, none provided a comprehensive definition aligning with European Association of Paediatric Dentistry guidelines. Although most recognised multifactorial aetiology, including perinatal and postnatal factors, fewer acknowledged genetic contributions. Frequently cited diagnostic criteria were post-eruptive breakdown and demarcated opacities; however, none identified all key features. Treatment preferences ranged widely, from microabrasion to composite restorations to uncertainty regarding early extractions.Conclusion The range of proposed management strategies underscores MIH's clinical complexity and highlights the need for enhanced educational resources and standardised protocols within postgraduate curricula.