Total intravenous anaesthesia in emergency surgery: a narrative review

The absence of emergency-specific comparative data means current total intravenous anaesthesia practice relies on extrapolation from studies with uncertain validity. National audits have documented preventable harm from implementation failures, reflecting inadequate training and absent guidelines. Institutions using total intravenous anaesthesia in emergencies require structured protocols, adequate training and clear team roles. Prospective trials are needed to determine whether theoretical advantages translate to improved patient outcomes.