Temporal trends and disparities in cardiovascular disease-related mortality among adults with multiple myeloma in the United States, 1999–2023

Although overall CVD mortality remained stable over 25 years, concerning increases in hypertensive, arrhythmic, thromboembolic, and heart failure mortality during 2018-2021 coincided with expanded cardiotoxic therapy use and COVID-19 disruptions. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating baseline cardiovascular risk assessment and longitudinal surveillance into MM treatment pathways, ensuring adherence to guideline-based thromboprophylaxis, and developing multidisciplinary cardio-oncology models that address persistent racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular outcomes.