The Effect of Avatar Transparency on Collaboration in Shared Virtual Spaces

In shared virtual spaces, users tend to mimic real-world social behaviors, such as maintaining interpersonal distances and avoiding collisions. During remote collaboration, these behaviors can limit movement and positioning, despite users are not co-located. Prior work found that avatar transparency reduces users’ positioning constraints induced by social behaviors, as long as social presence between collaborators. Our goal was to develop a system that enhances navigation freedom without significantly increasing social presence. We designed a transparency management system based on interpersonal distances and collision avoidance. A user study involving groups of three remote collaborators indicated that our system reduced the distances between users compared to fully opaque avatars without any significant difference in social presence.