Calcifying fibrous tumours of the diaphragm: A case report and literature review

Calcifying fibrous tumour (CFT), also known as calcifying fibrous pseudotumor, is a rare benign tumour that accounts for ~0.5% of all diaphragmatic tumours. It affects predominantly children and young adults, with a slight female predilection. Owing to its non-specific clinical presentations and imaging features along with its indolent growth pattern, CFT is frequently misdiagnosed. Histopathological examination remains the diagnostic gold standard, while complete surgical excision constitutes the mainstay of treatment. The present study reported a rare case of diaphragmatic CFT. Furthermore, all the case reports of CFT published in English in the PubMed database from 1946 to 2024 and detailed its diagnostic workup and therapeutic management were reviewed to enhance the recognition of CFT. The present study aims to reduce the number of missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses of CFT and the number of unnecessary high-risk surgeries, thereby improving the quality of life of patients with CFT.