Bridging the nutrition divide: understanding poverty-linked inequalities in under-five children health in Pakistan

This study highlights the importance of equity-focused policies to reduce child undernutrition in Pakistan by targeting key determinants such as maternal education, healthcare access, and systemic inequalities. Findings link better nutrition to improved cognitive and mental health outcomes, supporting inclusive social policies and SDG targets. Structural factors, rather than individual behaviors, primarily drive observed disparities and intergenerational health issues. Future research should explore targeted interventions addressing maternal education and service delivery inequities to achieve sustainable reductions in child undernutrition.