Associations of known and newly identified human milk oligosaccharides with infections in early childhood: the Ulm SPATZ health study
These findings suggest that specific HMOs may influence early-life infection susceptibility. However, the associations likely reflect a complex, dynamic balance in human milk composition, potentially driven by early microbial exposures or maternal responses. Further research is needed to clarify whether HMOs directly modulate susceptibility to infection or act through broader immunological pathways.
Authors
- Zhuoxin Peng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1366-1804)
- Linda P. Siziba (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4773-252X)
- Jon Genuneit (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5764-1528)
- Marko Mank (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7695-3906)
- Dietrich Rothenbacher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-2791)
- John Gonsalves
- Deborah Wernecke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-9257)
- Bernd Stahl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8898-7107)
Institutions
- Zimmer Biomet (Netherlands) (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- Danone (Netherlands) (NL)
- Pharmo Institute (NL)
- University Hospital Leipzig (DE)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DE)
- Leipzig University (DE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Published
- 2025-12-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1703579
- Primary Topic
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Danone
- Danone Nutricia Research
- Universität Leipzig
- Universität Ulm