Recent Advances and Future Perspectives in Biomedical Textiles: Smart Polymers, Nanotechnology, and Clinical Applications

Biomedical textiles are one of the rapidly growing technical textiles, driven by advancements in fiber and polymer research, as well as innovations in creating new textile structures that offer innovative healthcare solutions, ranging from wound dressings to implantable devices. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in biomedical textiles, including the use of advanced polymers (both natural and synthetic), fabrication techniques, applications, and current limitations. Additionally, potential directions for future research are explored to guide the development of the next generation of medical textiles. A bibliometric analysis 2012–2025 reveals rapid growth in publications, peaking in 2022–2023, with notable research trends in innovative polymeric materials, nanotechnology, and regenerative medicine. The use of both natural and artificial fibers, along with smart textiles and advancements made possible by nanotechnology, has led to significant improvements in combating bacteria and delivering drugs. However, gaps persist in biodegradability and clinical translation. The results of this paper benefit researchers, physicians, and business professionals engaged in this dynamic field, helping them understand current trends and emerging opportunities in the field of biomedical textiles.