Lab-on-a-chip technologies: The future of precision medicine and high-throughput biomolecular analysis

Over the past few decades, advancements in microfabrication and biomaterials have driven the innovation of microfluidic technologies, significantly advancing the development of lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems. As transformative tools in precision medicine and high-throughput biomolecular analysis, LOC platforms can process and analyze numerous samples rapidly and cost-effectively, all within compact individual devices. This review summarizes the latest developments in the fabrication and detection technologies of LOC devices, along with their applications in precision medicine and biomolecular analysis. Furthermore, we anticipate a future where LOC technologies will redefine the landscape of medical diagnostics and biomolecular research, ultimately transforming biomedical research and clinical practice. LOC platforms, as transformative tools in precision medicine and high-throughput biomolecular analysis, rapidly and cost-effectively process and analyze numerous samples within compact individual devices. • A comprehensive overview of the latest developments in the fabrication and detection technologies of LOC devices, accompanied by an analysis of how technological innovations have enhanced the performance of LOC platforms. • This review deeply summarized the extensive application of LOC in precision medicine, providing a unique perspective for thinking about practical clinical application scenarios of LOC.