Messianic Hope in the Manarmakeri Myth and Its Influence on Biak Christian Beliefs

This study explores the resurgence of the Manarmakeri myth among the Biak people in Papua, Indonesia, as a socio-religious phenomenon centered on Messianic hope. Using mixed methods—survey questionnaires (n=38) and ethnographic interviews—this research identifies 14 core indicators, with Messianic Expectation emerging as the dominant factor, accounting for over 25% of the variance. The findings demonstrate that the myth of Manarmakeri is not merely folklore but functions as a theological framework, cultural narrative, and coping mechanism for socio-political marginalization. This belief system aligns local eschatological expectations with biblical motifs, constructing what can be described as “indigenous Christology.” The figure of Manarmakeri is perceived as both a liberator and a returning Messiah, with strong parallels to Jesus Christ in Christian theology. The study argues that the myth fosters communal identity, symbolic resistance, and social cohesion. It also highlights the limitations of formal theological rejection by mainstream churches, suggesting the need for inclusive and dialogical pastoral models. Practically, the study urges culturally sensitive development strategies that consider spiritual aspirations, involve local leaders, and integrate material and non-material needs. The research contributes to postcolonial theological discourse and invites further interdisciplinary inquiry into how indigenous narratives interface with global religious traditions.