<scp> N ⁶ </scp> ‐methyladenosine and poly(A) tail‐mediated posttranscriptional regulation in bamboo mosaic virus– <i>Dendrocalamus latiflorus</i> interactions

The economically important bamboo species Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro (D. latiflorus) exhibits highly susceptible to Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV), resulting in severe growth and development impairment. However, the proteomic profiles, transcript processing dynamics, and their coordinated posttranscriptional regulation during bamboo-virus interactions remain uncharacterized. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic revealed suppression of photosynthesis-related proteins and upregulation of protein synthesis and degradation, antioxidant within D. latiflorus during BaMV infection. Moreover, the APR1 protein serviced as a regulatory hub for connecting sulfur metabolism, antioxidant, and photosynthesis. Integration of nanopore direct RNA sequencing (DRS) data revealed reduced D. latiflorus full-length read ratios, consequently attenuating transcriptome and proteome correlation. BaMV-infected bamboos presented preferential usage of distal poly(A) site and lengthened poly(A) tail lengths (PALs) of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. Epitranscriptome analysis showed increased N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) ratios in POR (chlorophyll synthesis) and NCED1 (abscisic acid synthesis), which coupled with reduced transcriptional levels. In total, 122 potential m⁶A modification sites were found in BaMV, with AAACA representing the predominant consensus motif. Collectively, these results offer insights into posttranscriptional regulation networks during bamboo-BaMV interactions.