Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption of Nano BZT Ceramics for X‐Band Microwave Applications

ABSTRACT Rapid improvements in information technology, along with a growth in electrical and electronic gadgets, have resulted in electronic environmental pollution. Microwave absorption materials are vital for protecting against electromagnetic radiation. This study presents the synthesis of [(0.94) BaTiO 3 ‐0.06(BaZrO 3 )] (BZT) ceramics, making use of a high‐energy planetary ball milling method (HEPBM). Calcination was performed at 1100°C for 2 h, and the product was subsequently sintered at 1300°C for 2 h. The XRD graph shows a single rhombohedral perovskite structure and crystallite size of 10.5 nm. The FESEM micrograph revealed a grain size of 175 nm. The microwave parameters and shielding efficiency (SE) were determined using a vector network analyzer (VNA) throughout in the 8.2–12.4 GHz frequency range (X‐band). The ceramic sample with a thickness of 1.5 mm exhibits a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −64.49 dB at 10.93 GHz and total shielding effectiveness of 25.91 dB measured at 9.58 GHz, more than 90% absorption of electromagnetic waves, with an effective shielding (SE T > 20 dB) bandwidth of 3.6 GHz with higher permittivity value of 9.7 at 11.8 GHz frequency. The broad bandwidth and minimum reflection loss values because of improved impedance matching behavior make the ceramics a very promising absorbent material for electromagnetic shielding applications and act as a potential choice for a radar‐absorbing sample in EMI attenuators for air traffic control, radar tracking, and weather monitoring.