A novel tetranortirucallane-type alkaloid with potential anti-inflammatory activity from <i>Aglaia lawii</i>

Phytochemical investigation of ethanol extract of the trunk of <i>Aglaia Lawii</i> (Wight) C. J. Saldanha led to the isolation and identification of 11 triterpenoids (<b>1</b>-<b>11</b>) including a novel tetranortirucallane-type alkaloid aglawic acid (<b>1</b>). Aglawic acid (<b>1</b>) was a novel tetranortirucallane-type alkaloid with an unusual butanoic acid moiety attached to nitrogen atom of the maleimide ring. To the best of our knowledge, compound <b>1</b> is the first example of a natural terpenoids with an unusual butanoic acid moiety. <b>1</b> possessed potent anti-inflammatory activity against NO production with IC₅₀ values of 9.65 μM compared with the positive control NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, IC₅₀ = 33.85 μM). In addition, <b>1</b> was evaluated for cytotoxicity against five human tumour cell lines (HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MDA-MB-231, and SW480), but was found to be inactive.