Durability and fatigue life prediction of cantilever anti-slide piles under combined thrust loading and sulfate attack

To address the lack of rapid assessment models for evaluating the fatigue life of cantilever anti-slide piles under complex environmental conditions, this study establishes predictive models for reinforcement corrosion initiation time and fatigue life under combined thrust loading and sulfate attack, based on laboratory tests and theoretical analysis. The results show that the neutralization rate of concrete under acid rain immersion and wet-dry cycling is ∼1.60 times that under natural conditions. The predicted reinforcement corrosion initiation time is 26.8 years in Case 1, representing a 5.96% decrease compared to the previous model, and 88.6 years in Case 2, a 61.09% increase. The predicted fatigue life is 3.36 times and 5.48 times higher than the original model, respectively, and the reinforcement corrosion initiation time exhibits an exponential relationship with the residual fatigue life (R2 = 0.957). The fatigue life model established from experimental data shows good agreement with the results, with predictions significantly improved over the original model, meeting general design service life requirements. The proposed models not only provide a quantitative tool for durability assessment of cantilever anti-slide piles under acid rain and sulfate environments but also offer a scientific basis for engineering design and life prediction.