A conceptual model and its implications: Identifying key factors influencing entrepreneurial activity and innovation capabilities for sustainable development and green innovation

This study aims to understand the effect of access to funding, collaboration and networking and education and skill development on entrepreneurial activity and innovation capabilities. It also identifies the roles of these mediating variables in entrepreneurial activity and innovation capabilities for sustainable development and green innovation as per the framework. The approach used is a critical review of the literature, which involves the author compiling the findings to formulate a conceptual framework. The findings present a conceptual model which depicts the relevance of these variables. Future research can test this model statistically to confirm its relevance and usefulness in various contexts. The numerous theoretical implications of this conceptual model provide practical recommendations for policy makers, investors and entrepreneurs. By increasing access to funding, supporting cooperation and networking and enhancing education and skills, stakeholders can support entrepreneurial activities and enhance innovative capacities. Such efforts will result in sustainable development. This research provides a significant enhancement to the existing literature on sustainable development and green innovation by presenting a systematic overview of the relationships between these variables. It outlines the specific measures taken by Saudi Arabia in the pursuit of sustainability and presents a possible model for other oil-dependent nations to follow.