Enhancing Pedestrian Satisfaction: A Quantitative Study of Visual Perception Elements

The urban street environment strongly influences pedestrian satisfaction, with visual perception elements playing a pivotal role. Historic districts serve not only as carriers of urban culture but also as key tourism resources, where spatial quality directly shapes visitor experience and city image. This study takes the Shenyang Fangcheng historic district as a case, combining field surveys and questionnaires to gather pedestrian satisfaction data, while applying semantic segmentation of street imagery to quantify visual elements. Using correlation analysis and multiple regression models, the research systematically reveals relationships and mechanisms linking visual elements with pedestrian satisfaction. Results show that an increase in landmark buildings and landscape features enhances legibility and attractiveness; optimizing spatial configuration improves openness and walking comfort; and reducing vehicle presence strengthens perceived safety and overall experiential quality. By integrating subjective perceptions with objective visual indicators, this study offers empirical evidence and methodological innovation to support enhancement of walkability and promote human-centered street design in historic districts.