Conceptual design report of the Super Tau-Charm Facility: the accelerator

Abstract Electron–positron colliders operating in the GeV center-of-mass range, or tau-charm energy region, have been proved to enable competitive frontier research due to several unique features. With the progress of high-energy physics in the last two decades, a new-generation Tau-Charm factory, called the Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF), has been actively promoted by the particle physics community in China. STCF has the potential to address fundamental questions such as the essence of color confinement and the matter–antimatter asymmetry within the next decades. The main design goals of the STCF are a center-of-mass energy ranging from 2 to 7 GeV and a luminosity surpassing 5 × 10 34 cm −2 s −1 that is optimized at a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV, which is approximately 50 times that of the currently operating Tau-Charm factory—BEPCII. The STCF accelerator has two main parts: a double-ring collider with a crab-waist collision scheme and an injector that provides top-up injections for both electron and positron beams. As a typical third-generation electron–positron circular collider, the STCF accelerator faces many challenges in both accelerator physics and technology. In this paper, the conceptual design of the STCF accelerator complex is presented, including the ongoing efforts and plans for technological research and development, as well as the required infrastructure. The STCF project aims to secure support from the Chinese central government for its construction during the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030).

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Journal
Nuclear Science and Techniques
Published
2025-12-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-025-01833-x
Citations
4
Primary Topic
Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
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article
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2.92
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article

Conceptual design report of the Super Tau-Charm Facility: the accelerator

Selçuk Hacıömeroğlu, Xiao Ding, Manqi Ruan, Yi-Fei Zhang et al.
4 citations
Nuclear Science and Techniques
Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
2.92
article

Conceptual design report of the Super Tau-Charm Facility: the accelerator

Selçuk Hacıömeroğlu, Xiao Ding, Manqi Ruan, Yi-Fei Zhang, Qin Chang, G. S. Huang, Masahito Hosaka, Xueting Yang, Ruilin Zhu, Chunyuan Li, Y. Xu, Shaoyu Lyu, Sheng-Quan Wang, J. Y. Zhao, Jun Gao, B. Wang, Rui Zhang, Sheng-Yuan Wang, Kun Sun, A. V. Nefediev, Mingjie Jin, L. P. Kaptari, W. Zha, Chenglong Ma, Craig D. Roberts, M. G. Zhao, Peng-Wei Huang, Xiang Liu, Jingyu Zhu, Xinlong Huang, Zeran Zhou, Satoshi Nakamura, Qipeng Hu, Yaqian Wang, Hao Gong, Bo-Qiang Ma, Xunfeng Li, Yu. A. Tikhonov, Tao Wei, Pablo Roig, L. C. Liu, M. E. Biagini, Ya-jin Zhou, Jia-Jun Wu, X. M. Li, Emilie Passemar, X. L. Kang, Yury Rogovsky, Shan Cheng, Yi Jin, P. Egorov, Xu-Chang Zheng, Yan-Rui Liu, Xiayu Wang, Liang Zheng, T. Mineeva, Shao-Ru Zhang, Z. K. Jia, Zao-Chen Ye, Xiongfei Wang, I. Denisenko, Xu Feng, M. A. Skamarokha, Jian Ping Gong, K. Ohmi, M. Boscolo, J. Y. Shi, Cheng-Ying Tsai, Guo-Heng Zhang, Yusheng Wu, D. X. Lin, An-Xin Wang, Shu-Sheng Xu, Ziyu Shao, Guangbao Sun, M. Zobov, Zhijun Qi, Heng-Ne Li, Li‐Sheng Geng, J. P. Zheng, A. Zhemchugov, Y. Du, Ding-Yue Zhang, Zian Zhu, Dian-Yong Chen, Hao Hu, Zeren Simon Wang, Heng-Tong Ding, Luiz Vale Silva, Yi Zhou, Z. L. Hou, Denis Bodrov, Chen Hai, T. Luo, J. He, Yu Liang, Yaxuan Li, Y. Zhang, Y. H. Zhang, I. Boyko, Meike Küßner, Jianbei Liu, XiaoMin Shen, X. R. Zhou, Liangchen Liu, M. Migliorati, Ruixuan Huang, Gangwen Liu, Sang Wu, Tianlong He, Song Feng, De-Liang Yao, Shiyu Zhou, Zhan-Wei Liu, S. Jia, Yueling Yang, Siyuan Fan, J. Q. Zhang, Kai-Wen Hou, L. An, Lei Wang, Ji Wang, H. H. Zhang, P. Pakhlov, Ze-Rui Liang, J. B. Jiao, Linghua Zhang, G. Valencia, E. Levichev, Min Li, Renkai Li, H.‐J. Lv, B. Zheng, C. Milardi, Youjin Yuan, Sergi Gonzàlez-Solís, Yuhui Guo, Zhenyu Zhang, Yi-Hao Zhang, Z. Zhao, Shaohang Ma, C. P. Shen, M. Padmanath, Xiaomin Wei, Hao Guo, Pei-Lian Li, C. Han, Y. Lu, Zhi-Hui Guo, Ming Shao, Long-Bin Chen, Shuai Yang, Yongqing Wei, X. Ai, Xing-Hua Yang, Weihua Yang, Qiang Zhao, Shaoqing Wei, Z. Cao, Hang-Zhou Li, Xiao Liang, T.S. Liu, Hou-Bing Jiang, Shuyi Wei, Tongning Hu, Bing Zhu, Jun-Zhang Wang, Qushan Chen, Ligong Bian, B. Wei, Antonio Rodríguez–Sánchez, H. Liu, Ying Chen, Ming-Kai Sun, Peipei Jia, Ning Zhang, A. G. Denig, Yongcheng Wu, Jian Zu, Chia-Wei Liu, V. Prasad, Qi Chen, U. Wiedner, Feng-lei Shang, L. J Li, Z. Tang, Qin Qin, H. J. Li, Daekyoung Kang, T. Uglov, Penghui Yang, Pengcheng Lu, Hai-Bing Fu, Tengjun Guo, Jing Yuan, Guoxi Pei, A. Bogomyagkov, Fang-Zhou Chen, Lianxi Liu, Ran Zheng, H. Peng, Chunjie Xie, Tongguang Cheng, Xuan Wu, Zhigang Xiao, Ziyu Xiong, Qin-Song Zhou, Cai-Dian Lü, Chao Liu, Chengjin Wang, Jie Bao, L. R. Dai, Jingyu Tang, Mingyi Liu, Hua-Xing Chen, J. F. Shangguan, Xinbai Li, Rui-Xiang Shi, Jielei Zhang, Jian Pang, Zhongtao Shen, Xiang-Wei Dai, Xueqing Yan, Ying Li, J. Xu, Yi Liu, Jian Liu, Shizhong An, V. I. Telnov, Xiao-Cheng Hu, Rui-Guang Zhao, Yuze Lin, Jingya Zhu, Su-Ping Jin, B. Gou, Jorge Segovia, Qian Wang, L. Q. Qin, Hector Gisbert Mullor, Platon Rogozhin, Zi-Yu Wang, P. R. Li, Haiyan Zhang, Weimin Wang, Long Chen, Tao Liu, Tao Yang, Haoran Zhang, L. Xu, Wei Chen, X. Li, Yuhao Wang, Weiwei Li, Yi Liu, H. J. Yang, Yu-Ming Wang, Yu Chen, Jia Wang, Zhigang Wang, Teng Li, Liang Zhang, Jie Wang, Weiping Wang, Zhiyong Wang, Wenchao Zhang, Xiaoyu Liu, Haibo Li, Liang Peng, Z. You, Xuyang Liu, Jinhui Chen, Shu Li, Xiangpeng Wang, Jin Li, L. Yan, Zhaofeng Liu, Yifeng Zeng, Yanfeng Li, B. Zhong, Jian Zhou, Yuan Liu, Yi Li, Yubo Li, Keping Xie, T. T. Han, Qiuyan Zhang, Xiaotao Zhang, Zhiqing Liu, Lin Wang, Yanwen Liu, Xinhui Zhang, Huibin Zhang, L. Y. Dong, Kuanjun Fan, Jian-Hui Zhang, Chunhua Li, Xu-Lei Sun, Hang Zhou, Ming-Xuan Chang, Zihan Gao, Shu Li, Guangyi Zhang, Fei Huang, Tianyou Li, Zhi Chen, B. S. Zou, Y. Kudenko, Shenghui Zhang, Ailin Zhang, Shulei Zhang, Zhenghe Bai, Yukun Shi, Rui Sun, J. Y. Wu, L. Shang, Sibo Cheng, En Wang, Cong Geng, Meng Yu, Mengxu Fan, Yi Qian, Hongjin Wang, Binbin Qi, Hui-Lin Li, Xinghao Zhu, H. Yang, L. Zhu, Qing Luo, Liang Yu, X. Wu, Duan Gu, X. T. Huang, Zirui Liu, Shaomin Chen, Xinqiang Li, Jian-Rong Zhang, Yumei Zhang, Xin Xu, Ting Lin, Zhicai Zhang, Ding-Yu Shao, Linhao Zhang, Yin Lixin, Ming-Hui Ding, Xiaokang Zhou, Liangsheng Huang, Yuancun Nie, Dazhang Huang, Xin Zhang, Ye Zou, J.D. Liu, Zhicheng Huang, O. B. Kolcu, Jian Zhou, Xiaoshuai Qin, Jun-Feng Sun, Bernard Pire, X. S. Kang, Olga Bakina, W. C. Yan, Ronggang Ping, Hua Pei, Y. B. Zhao, Y. Zheng, Yuping Guo, Zhong-Juan Yang, Marina Chadeeva, Honglei Li, X. Zhang, H. Zhou, Yingchun Zhu, Zong-Guo Si, X. K. Zhou, Demin Zhou, Kai Yi, V. Vagnoni, X. R. Lyu, Z. Yang, Daicui Zhou, Ivan Koop, J. J. Qin, Z. G. Zhao, R. Zhang, L. Xia, Denis Derkach, V. Batozskaya, L. Gong, M. Lu, J. Guo, Qun Wu, Y. Bai, Xiaoyang Zhang, Selim Çetin, Jiarong Li, H. J. Yang, X. Wu, Xiaofeng Luo, Shikang Wang, S.B. Gong, S. S. Fang, Hai Tao Li, Hongping Jiang, Chao Li, J.Q. Su, Hong-Fei Shen, Chuangxin Lin, Cong‐Feng Qiao, Yong-Bin Leng, J. X. Teng, Yang Zong, Elaf Musa, Zhen Hu, Zuo-Wei Liu, Quan-Zheng Zhang, Cai-Tu Shi, H. Hu, Hu Yu, Yuanning Gao, Li Sun, Xi-Qing Hao, Jian Liang, A. Belias, Yimei Zhou, Ye-Long Wei, Chong-Chao He, Wenjun Li, Wenbin Ma, G. Wan, Xiao-Gang He, Xin‐Heng Guo, Е. А. Кравченко, X. L. Miao, Zhu-Jun Fang, Dong-Dong Hu, Jianyu Zhang, Ze Yu, Yihao Mo, Y A Tang, L. Dai, Z. Zhang, Lei Zhang, Teng Ma, C. Yang, Eiad Hamwi, Zhichen Wang, Hang Liu, Nefedov Yury
article en
4 citations

Abstract

Abstract Electron–positron colliders operating in the GeV center-of-mass range, or tau-charm energy region, have been proved to enable competitive frontier research due to several unique features. With the progress of high-energy physics in the last two decades, a new-generation Tau-Charm factory, called the Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF), has been actively promoted by the particle physics community in China. STCF has the potential to address fundamental questions such as the essence of color confinement and the matter–antimatter asymmetry within the next decades. The main design goals of the STCF are a center-of-mass energy ranging from 2 to 7 GeV and a luminosity surpassing 5 × 10 34 cm −2 s −1 that is optimized at a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV, which is approximately 50 times that of the currently operating Tau-Charm factory—BEPCII. The STCF accelerator has two main parts: a double-ring collider with a crab-waist collision scheme and an injector that provides top-up injections for both electron and positron beams. As a typical third-generation electron–positron circular collider, the STCF accelerator faces many challenges in both accelerator physics and technology. In this paper, the conceptual design of the STCF accelerator complex is presented, including the ongoing efforts and plans for technological research and development, as well as the required infrastructure. The STCF project aims to secure support from the Chinese central government for its construction during the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030).

Nuclear Science and TechniquesVol. 36(12)
National Research University Higher School of Economics (RU), P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RU), Jiangsu Normal University (CN), Shandong University of Technology (CN), Nanjing Agricultural University (CN), Hunan University of Science and Technology (CN), University of Science and Technology of China (CN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Nanjing Tech University (CN), University of Bonn (DE), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (JP), Central South University (CN), École Polytechnique (FR), Minzu University of China (CN), Kunming University (CN), Guangxi University (CN), Nanjing Normal University (CN), Liaoning Normal University (CN), North China Electric Power University (CN), Shandong University (CN), Sun Yat-sen University (CN), Chongqing University (CN), Universitat de València (ES), Hangzhou Normal University (CN), Hefei University of Technology (CN), Hunan University (CN), GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (DE), National University of Defense Technology (CN), Northwestern Polytechnical University (CN), Henan University (CN), Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN), Yantai University (CN), Anhui University of Science and Technology (CN), South China Normal University (CN), Cockcroft Institute (GB), Jilin University (CN), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), University of Washington (US), Peking University (CN), Nankai University (CN), Cornell University (US), Shanghai Normal University (CN), Sichuan University (CN), Fudan University (CN), Beijing Normal University (CN), Inner Mongolia University (CN), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), Universidad Cardenal Herrera CEU (ES), Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (CN), Guangxi Normal University (CN), Huzhou Normal University (CN), China University of Geosciences (CN), Chengdu University of Technology (CN), Shantou University (CN), Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (RU), University of Jinan (CN), Henan University of Technology (CN), Wuhan University (CN), Guangzhou University (CN), Zhengzhou University (CN), Soochow University (CN), Sorbonne Université (FR), Central China Normal University (CN), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (CN), Guizhou Minzu University (CN), China Institute of Atomic Energy (CN), Shandong Management University (CN), International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (CN), Institute for Nuclear Research (RU), High Magnetic Field Laboratory (CN), China Spallation Neutron Source (CN), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (CN), Jingchu University of Technology (CN), Institute of Flight (US), Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CN), Institute of Engineering Thermophysics (CN), Istinye University (TR), Institute of Theoretical Physics (CN), Horological Research Institute of Light Industry (CN), Institute of Modern Physics (CN), Hamburg Institut (Germany) (DE), Institute of High Energy Physics (CN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (IT), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Hebei University (CN), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN), Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (RU), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (FR), Siemens (China) (CN), Jiangxi Normal University (CN), Monash University (AU), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (MX), Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IN), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (MX), Universitat de Barcelona (ES), University of La Serena (CL), Henan Normal University (CN), Zhejiang University (CN), Lanzhou University (CN), Southeast University (CN), Renmin University of China (CN), University of Castilla-La Mancha (ES), Beihang University (CN), Sapienza University of Rome (IT), Xi'an Jiaotong University (CN), Nanjing University (CN), Shaanxi Normal University (CN), Ruhr University Bochum (DE), University of South China (CN), Hebei Normal University (CN), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (ES), Tsinghua University (CN)
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