Layer‐Engineered Hybrid MoS ₂ Nanosheets for Synergistic Charge Trapping and Superlubrication toward High‐Output Ultra‐Durable Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Abstract To address the low charge capture capacity and poor wear resistance of triboelectric materials, lithium‐ion intercalation is employed to synthesize monolayer–multilayer hybrid MoS 2 nanosheets. Density functional theory calculations elucidate layer‐dependent charge transfer and band structure modulation in the exfoliated MoS 2 , providing theoretical support for enhanced surface charge capture. By leveraging MoS 2 ’s exceptional charge‐trapping capability and tribological advantages, a MoS 2 /polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite film exhibiting high negative triboelectric polarity and ultralow friction characteristics is developed. The optimized 2.8 wt.% film exhibits a negative surface potential of −0.31 kV and a coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.07, representing a 416.7% increase in the absolute value of negative surface potential and a 65.5% reduction in COF compared to pure PTFE. The wind‐driven triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) delivers 452 V, 58 µA, and 6.98 mW at 19.5 m s −1 , maintaining ≈95% of its initial open‐circuit voltage over 21.6 million cycles. A self‐powered heart rate monitor belt and respiratory sensor are fabricated, highlighting its potential for physiological monitoring. This work provides a strategy for triboelectric material design, offering a reference for developing high‐performance and ultra‐durable TENGs.