An Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Angiogenic Porous Aloe Polysaccharide-Collagen Dressing Accelerates Wound Healing

Proper wound dressing is essential for ensuring and promoting effective wound healing. This study aimed to develop a novel porous composite wound dressing composed of aloe polysaccharide and collagen. The physical properties of aloe polysaccharide-collagen wound dressing (AP-CD) formulated in this study was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, water absorption and air permeability tests. The safety and cytocompatibility of AP-CD were evaluated using CCK-8 and lactate dehydrogenase leakage rate assays. Besides, the effectiveness of AP-CD was assessed by measuring the wound healing rate. In vivo studies confirmed that AP-CD improved the wound healing rate and accelerated the healing process. Furthermore, AP-CD suppressed inflammatory response, promoted angiogenesis, increased the levels of growth factors and anti-inflammatory factors, and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed a significant increase in the proportion of macrophages and T lymphocytes in AP-CD-treated wound tissue, accompanied by a notable decrease in fibroblast proportions. In summary, AP-CD demonstrated superior physical and chemical properties, good biocompatibility, and safety, making it a viable option for wound dressing. In vivo studies indicated that AP-CD effectively inhibited inflammatory responses and enhanced angiogenesis, thereby accelerating wound healing.