Assessment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk and Predictors in Chronic Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study

ObjectiveThis study examined the prevalence and predictors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk in patients with chronic schizophrenia.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 441 institutionalized patients with schizophrenia at hospital. Participants completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and STOP-Bang Questionnaire (SBQ) assessing risk of OSA. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with OSA risk (SBQ score ≥3).ResultsOSA risk was identified in 236 participants (53.5%). Each 1-cm increase in waistline was associated with an 8% increased risk of OSA (OR = 1.08), and each 1-point increase in insomnia severity score was associated with a 9% increased risk (OR = 1.09).ConclusionsOver half of patients with chronic schizophrenia were at elevated risk for OSA, with insomnia severity and central obesity as the main correlates. Early screening, ongoing monitoring, and collaboration with mental health professional staff are essential for timely intervention, tailored care, and health promotion.