How territorial arrangements determine justice outcomes in energy transitions?

Energy justice frameworks overlook how space creates inequality. Whilst examining distribution, participation and recognition, they miss that geography itself is a mechanism of injustice. Land classification dispossesses Indian pastoralists. Boundary drawing erases Brazilian fishing communities. Infrastructure placement violates Sámi territorial rights in Norway. These spatial strategies transform renewable energy into tools of exclusion. Just transitions demand interrogating how distance, territory and infrastructure actively produce injustice, not merely host it.