A dataset of meteorological observations from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Megaregion National Observation and Research Station for Eco-Environmental Change (2015–2023)

<p indent="0mm">The meteorological data serve as core foundation for exploring global or regional climate change, providing essential evidence for analyzing global climate patterns and studying the mechanisms behind extreme climate events. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Megaregion National Observation and Research Station for Eco-Environmental Change is also known as the Beijing Urban Ecosystem Research Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereafter referred to as the “BTH National Field Station”). It is both an ecological station within the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) and a national field scientific observing research station certified by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China. Located in the economically developed and densely populated area with severe environmental challenges in the BTH region (40°0′33.970″N, 116°20′34.559″E), this station represents a typical and representative site for global urban ecosystem studies. Given the limited availability of long-term, multi-parameter meteorological datasets for urban ecosystems, this study adheres to the unified CERN standard for ecosystem atmospheric environmental observations. Using the VAISALA automatic meteorological observation system at the BTH National Field Station, we carried out continuous, long-term data acquisition, followed by systematic data processing, quality control, and evaluation. The released dataset covers the period from 2015 to 2023, providing monthly and annual records of 18 meteorological elements and over 100 derived indicators, including, including atmospheric pressure, vapor pressure, sea-level pressure, temperature, dew point temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed, 10-minute average wind speed, 2-minute average wind speed, hourly maximum wind speed, wind direction, ground temperature, soil temperature, and soil moisture. This dataset provides fundamental support for analyzing climate characteristics in densely populated areas under the context of global change and studying the impacts of human activities on urban ecosystems and their feedback mechanisms.