Is the domestic bivalent HPV vaccine cost-effective compared with quadrivalent or nine-valent HPV vaccines in the context of cervical cancer screening? A modeling study

The cost-effective strategy for each vaccine type was vaccination combined with three-year VIA screening compared with the current situation. Comparing the three optimal strategies, it was found that bivalent HPV vaccine combined with three-year VIA screening is the most cost-effective prevention strategy at this stage when the willingness to pay is low, and with the gradual increase in willingness to pay, the nine-valent HPV vaccine combined with three-year VIA screening will become the optimal prevention strategy. It is recommended that the Chinese government consider gradually increasing the vaccination coverage of domestically produced bivalent HPV vaccines through immunization programs, while promoting preventive measures that combine VIA screening with vaccination. This approach will help developing countries, including China, achieve the goal of eliminating cervical cancer.