Rapid Detection and Purification of Extracellular Vesicles for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening Using a Plasmonic Metasurface Integrated with the Kolmogorov–Arnold Network
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of global cancer-related mortality, with delayed diagnosis adversely affecting patient outcomes. Liquid biopsy techniques using small extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer potential for cancer detection, though current methods are often time-consuming and require complex equipment, limiting clinical utility. Here, we report a metasurface-enhanced EV detection chip (metaEVchip) platform for the dynamic monitoring of HCC-specific EVs, enabling rapid detection and purification. This system provides results within 5 min. The platform integrates a plasmonic metasurface with a Kolmogorov-Arnold network (KAN) to facilitate real-time EV capture, enhancing detection speed while achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.914 for HCC screening. By optimizing the purification process and incorporating complementary detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II (PIVKAII), the AUC for HCC screening reaches 0.961 in an external validation set. These results effectively differentiate HCC from benign liver diseases (BLD) and early-stage HCC from cirrhosis, addressing limitations of conventional EV detection and demonstrating the potential for rapid cancer screening.
Authors
- Kaibin Chen
- Yanling Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-6685)
- Yinong Xie (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1383-3303)
- Jiaqing Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2203-4454)
- Jinfeng Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-6763)
- Longhui Zeng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-4711)
- Hanyang Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3027-7014)
- Xiaohui Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4603-9501)
- Xiangyujie Lin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5891-6837)
- Tianhao Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9017-7267)
- Xinyue Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3447-9369)
- C.C. Wang
- Baichang Deng
- Yuan Gao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-9780)
- Qiang Niu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-6427)
- Lijun Zeng
- Wei Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0103-3149)
- Junjie Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3046-4821)
- Boan Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5848-1109)
- Yiming Yan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8538-9200)
- Jiaheng Zhu
- Bo Li
- Mengqi Jiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-7442)
Institutions
- Weifang Medical University (CN)
- Xiamen University (CN)
- Chinese PLA General Hospital (CN)
- Research Institute for Electromagnetic Materials (JP)
- Analysis and Measurement Services (United States) (US)
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture (CN)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (CN)
- Beijing Information Science & Technology University (CN)
- Tsinghua University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ACS Nano
- Published
- 2025-12-04
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c11740
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.81