STUDY OF LOCAL GROWTH FACTORS OF NODULAR FORMATIONS OF THE BREAST AT THE STAGE OF PREOPERATIVE EXAMINATION

Despite the achievements of modern diagnostics of breast diseases, the problem of the e—ectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with benign nodular formations of the breast (BNFB), as well as the issues of prevention of relapses in the postoperative period remain relevant. Aim: to study the relationship between immunohistochemical (IHC) markers (proliferation index Ki-67, estrogen receptors (ER), common leukocyte antigen CD45) in order to determine their role as prognostic markers of BNFB formation to improve the e—ectiveness of surgical treatment of these patients. Material and methods. The study included 38 patients with BNFB. All patients underwent preoperative trephine biopsy of nodular formation in the breast. IHC examination of BNFB biopsy specimens was performed according to a standardized method using serial para–n sections 4-5 μm thick on a DAKO autostainer. Results. The average age of patients was 31,72±0,81 years. After studying the results of the histological examination of the BNFB, 2 clinical groups were determined: group 1 (n=23) – BNFB, associated with in˜ammation, group 2 (n=15) - BNFB without in˜ammatory changes in tissues. In the BNFB of the 1st group, the highest expression of CD45+ cells was revealed, as well as a signi†cant increase in expression of the Ki-67 proliferation index and an increase of the pool of cells with estrogen receptors. Discussion. Chronic in˜ammation and prevalence of estrogens in breast tissues increase the risk of unfavorable outcome of hyperplastic changes both in the postoperative time (recurrence of BNFB) and at the stage of dispensary observation of patients (malignancy of BNFB). Conclusion. IHC markers (CD45, Ki-67, ER) can be considered prognostically signi†cant local markers in the formation and progression of hyperplastic processes in the breast tissues. Pathogenetically substantiated approach to treatment and diagnostic tactics in patients with BNFB can signi†cantly reduce the risk of relapses of nodular pathology of the breast in the postoperative period