<scp>IL</scp> ‐6 in the spotlight: From cardiovascular pathophysiology to therapy
IL-6 plays a dual role-protective versus pathogenic and acute versus chronic. Chronic IL-6 links inflammation and metabolic dysregulation to structural cardiovascular damage. Chronic IL-6 activation requires therapeutic approaches tailored to disease context, timing and signalling mode. The results of ongoing trials will clarify whether IL-6-targeted interventions can be integrated into cardiovascular prevention and management strategies, complementing established therapies and addressing residual inflammatory risk.
Authors
- Stefano Ministrini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-6411)
- Giulio Leo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5875-1487)
- Amedeo Tirandi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1875-0160)
- Fabrizio Montecucco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-8729)
- Elena Osto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8196-5696)
- Simon Kraler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8245-7287)
- Davide Di Vece (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4116-3596)
- Alberto Preda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1584-5172)
- Giovanni G. Camici (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0523-0695)
- Federico Carbone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2957-4078)
- Luca Liberale (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7975)
- Gemma Vilahur (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-8873)
- Aldo Bonaventura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4747-5535)
- Petra Kleinbogard
Institutions
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (IT)
- Medical University of Graz (AT)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald (DE)
- University Hospital of Bern (CH)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi (IT)
- Hospital de Sant Pau (ES)
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda (IT)
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (IT)
- West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen (DE)
- University of Genoa (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2025-12-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.70161
- Citations
- 5
- Primary Topic
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 5.23