Editorial: Diagnosis and therapy pediatric hematological malignancies—recent progress—volume II

Pediatric hematological malignancies represent a dynamic and evolving field in oncology, where 13 continuous progress in diagnostics and therapy has transformed patient outcomes. Over recent 14 decades, survival rates have improved dramatically, largely due to the integration of precision 15 medicine and risk-adapted protocols [1,2]. The introduction of minimal residual disease (MRD) 16 monitoring has become a cornerstone for tailoring treatment intensity and predicting relapse risk [3]. 17 Despite these achievements, the clinical landscape remains complex. Treatment-related toxicity, 18 refractory disease, and relapse continue to pose significant challenges [4]