Nutritional and health factors influencing first antenatal visit among pregnant women in Indonesia

This study evaluated the association between the health conditions of pregnant women, such as chronic energy deficiency, malnutrition, weight gain, and growth failure, with the frequency of first antenatal visits. A linear regression design was used with secondary data from 38 provinces in Indonesia in 2024. Predictor variables included chronic energy deficiency, malnutrition, weight gain, and growth failure. Data analysis using linear regression techniques showed a very strong regression model with an R value of 0.943 and an R² of 0.889. An Adjusted R² of 0.876 indicates an excellent model in explaining data variations. The variable of chronic energy deficiency had a coefficient of -0.769, malnutrition had a coefficient of 0.574, weight gain had a coefficient of -0.264, and growth failure had a coefficient of 0.307. These findings emphasize the importance of improving the nutrition and health condition of pregnant women to increase the frequency of first antenatal visits. Proper nutrition intervention programs can help prevent malnutrition and chronic energy deficiency, positively impacting the frequency of first antenatal visits. This study uniquely highlights the relationship between the health condition of pregnant women and the frequency of first antenatal visits in Indonesia.