Biosynthesis of TiO ₂ Nanoparticles Using <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> Leaf Extract

ABSTRACT The synthesis of metal oxides is a method with a lower environmental impact and low cost. Through biological routes, results similar to those of conventional methods can be obtained. In the present work, titanium oxide nanoparticles (NPsTiO 2 ) were synthesized from titanium tetrachloride and Eucalyptus leaf extract. Characterization techniques such as HPLC and FT‐IR were used to analyze the aqueous extract, while x‐ray diffraction (XRD), FT‐IR, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the TiO 2 nanoparticles. The aqueous extract of the Eucalyptus leaves showed, during the analysis, various compounds such as flavonols and various groups with secondary alcohols, which are the main precursors in the synthesis of TiO 2 nanoparticles. On the other hand, the nanoparticles exhibited a diffraction pattern characteristic of the anatase phase as well as average particle sizes of 11 nm.